From Ghosts and Gods to Politics and Conspiracies—How We Construct Beliefs and Reinforce Them As Truths
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Mr. D’Arpino’s Dilemma
The voice was as distinct as the message it delivered was unmistakable. Emilio “Chick” D’Arpino bolted upright from his bed, startled that the words he heard so clearly were not spoken by anyone in the room. It was 4 a.m. on February 11, 1966, and Mr. D’Arpino was alone in his bedroom, seemingly unperturbed by what he was hearing. It wasn’t a masculine voice, yet neither was it feminine. And even though he had no reference guide built by experience from which to compare, Mr. D’Arpino somehow knew that the source was not of this world.
I met Chick D’Arpino on my forty-seventh birthday, September 8, 2001, just three days before the calamitous event that would henceforth cleave history into pre- and post-9/11. Chick wanted to know if I would be willing to write an essay to answer this question: Is it possible to know if there is a source out there that knows we are here?
“Uh? You mean God?” I queried.
“Not necessarily,” Chick replied.
“ET?”
“Maybe,” Chick continued, “but I don’t want to specify the nature of the source, just that it is out there and not here.”
Who would ask such a question, I wondered, and more important, why? Chick explained that he was a retired bricklayer interested in pursuing answers to deep questions through essay contests and one-day conferences he was sponsoring at San Jose State University and at Stanford University, near his home in Silicon Valley. I had never heard of a retired bricklayer sponsoring conferences before, so this got my attention. I have long admired autodidacts.
Over the years, as Chick and I became close friends, I grew more and more curious to know why a bricklayer would spend what little money he had on funding essay contests and conferences to answer life’s big questions. I had a sense that Chick already knew the answers to the questions he was posing, but for a decade he took the Fifth with me until one day, when I probed one more time, he gave me a hint:
I had an experience.
An experience. Okay! Now we’re talking my language—the language of belief systems grounded in experiences. What type of experience?
Chick clammed up again, but I pushed and prodded for details. When was this experience?
Back in 1966.
What time of day did it happen?
Four in the morning.
Did you see or hear something?
I don’t want to talk about that aspect of it.
But if it was a profound enough experience to be driving you to this day to explore such big questions, it is surely worth sharing with someone.
Nope, it’s private.
Come on, Chick, I’ve known you practically a decade. We’re the best of friends. I’m genuinely curious.
Okay, it was a voice.
A voice. Um.
Excerpted from THE BELIEVING BRAIN: From Ghosts and Gods to Politics and Conspiracies—How We Construct Beliefs and Reinforce Them as Truths by Michael Shermer. Published in June by Henry Holt and Company, LLC. Copyright © 2011 by Michael Shermer. All rights reserved.
Why do more Americans believe in angels than in the theory of evolution? In The Believing Brain, Michael Shermer upends traditional thinking about how humans form beliefs. In his view, “beliefs come first, and explanations for beliefs follow.” The brain, Shermer argues, is a belief engine: From sensory data flowing in through the senses, the brain naturally begins to look for and find patterns, and then infuses those patterns with meaning. Once beliefs form, the brain begins to look for and find confirmatory evidence to support those beliefs, which accelerates the process of reinforcing them in a positive feedback loop. He dubs this process “belief-dependent realism,” and warns us against falling into the traps it sets every day of our lives.
Shermer provides many real-world examples of how this process operates, from politics to religion to conspiracy theories to the paranormal. Why are so many people convinced Lee Harvey Oswald didn’t act alone? Or that the U.S. government is hiding evidence of extraterrestrials? Or that there must be an afterlife? These are among the issues he debates.
The Believing Brain demonstrates why science is the best tool ever devised to determine whether a belief matches reality.
Hardcover : 400 pages
Publisher: Farrar, Straus & Giroux ( May 24, 2011 )
Item #: 13-200209
ISBN: 9780805091250
Product Dimensions: 6.125 x 9.25 inches
Product Weight: 22.0 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

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